In the third episode of Spring the composer modulates from the dominant key of B major, (introduced in the second episode) to the more ominous key of C sharp minor to depict the approaching storm. The composer reinforces the tonic and dominant harmony in the opening of this movement, alongside a motif formed by perfect fifths to depicts the hunters going out at daybreak with their horns, guns and dogs.
This static harmony is a compositional technique that is also used in the opening movement of Autumn, where the static harmony is based around the key F major the key of the hunting horn. As the principle violin plays a solo section to depict the birds greeting spring in episode one at bar 14, Vivaldi uses static harmony in E major to create the sense that everything has stopped to listen to spring's arrival. The basso continuo plays a tonic pedal to reinforce tonic and dominant harmony, typical of the Baroque concerto. The opening of the Spring concerto depicts the arrival of this joyous season through the bright key of E major.
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